Shielding Parameters
Shielding Equation:
I = I₀ × (d₀/d)² × 10^(−x/TVL)
Where:
- I = Transmitted dose rate
- I₀ = Dose rate at reference distance d₀
- d₀ = Reference distance (1 m)
- d = Distance from source
- x = Shield thickness
- TVL = Tenth-Value Layer (broad-beam, NCRP 151)
Note: TVL-based (10−x/TVL) and exponential (e−μx) forms are
equivalent, related by TVL = ln(10)/μ ≈ 2.303/μ. They are alternatives — not multiplied
together. Broad-beam TVLs already incorporate the build-up factor, so no separate
build-up term is applied here.
Reference Standards:
• NCRP Report 151 (Megavoltage)
• NCRP Report 147 (Brachytherapy)
• AAPM Task Group Reports